{"id":27052,"date":"2026-02-08T08:22:48","date_gmt":"2026-02-08T08:22:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tcm-vet.com\/?p=27052"},"modified":"2026-02-08T08:34:44","modified_gmt":"2026-02-08T08:34:44","slug":"goz-yakinindaki-kopek-igsi-hucre-tumoru-nadir-belirtiler-agri-tedavi-nuks-ve-hayatta-kalma-gorunumu-hizli-buyuyen-igsi-hucre-tumorleri-goz-yakininda-ozellikle-zorlayici-olabilir-cunku-bu-reg","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tcm-vet.com\/tr\/dog-spindle-cell-tumor-near-the-eye-rarity-symptoms-pain-treatment-recurrence-and-survival-outlook-fast-growing-spindle-cell-tumors-near-the-eye-can-be-especially-challenging-because-this-reg\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u00f6peklerde Periok\u00fcler \u0130\u011fsi H\u00fccre T\u00fcm\u00f6rleri: Nadirlik, Belirtiler, A\u011fr\u0131, Tedavi, N\u00fcks ve Hayatta Kalma Beklentisi"},"content":{"rendered":"

K\u00f6peklerde \u201ci\u011fsi h\u00fccre\u201d ne anlama geliyor<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u0130\u011fsi h\u00fccre\u201d genellikle t\u00fcm\u00f6r h\u00fccrelerinin mikroskop alt\u0131nda nas\u0131l g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131mlar\u2014uzun, ince ve lifli\u2014tek bir kanser t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc adland\u0131rmaktan ziyade. K\u00f6peklerde, bu tan\u0131m genellikle yumu\u015fak doku sarkomlar\u0131 (STS) ve yerel invazivli\u011fi ile bilinen ilgili sarkom t\u00fcr\u00fc t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerle \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmektedir: mikroskopik olarak g\u00f6rebilece\u011finiz veya hissedebilece\u011finiz \u015feylerin \u00f6tesine uzanabilirler. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fcme modeli, yerel n\u00fcks\u00fcn \u00f6nemli bir endi\u015fe haline gelmesinin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir nedenidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6z\u00fcn yak\u0131n\u0131nda bir i\u011fsi h\u00fccre t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fc ne kadar nadirdir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

K\u00fctlenin y\u00fczeysel bir g\u00f6z kapa\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi mi yoksa daha derin bir periok\u00fcler\/orbital t\u00fcm\u00f6r m\u00fc oldu\u011funa ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir\u00e7ok k\u00f6pek g\u00f6z kapa\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fc yayg\u0131nd\u0131r ve genellikle iyi huyludur, bu da g\u00fcnl\u00fck g\u00f6z prati\u011finde rahatlat\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak, g\u00f6z etraf\u0131nda h\u0131zl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcyen veya derin bir malign i\u011fsi h\u00fccre\/sarkom t\u00fcr\u00fc t\u00fcm\u00f6r farkl\u0131 bir senaryodur. Orbital ve retrobulbar hastal\u0131k (g\u00f6z yuvas\u0131nda veya globe'un arkas\u0131nda hastal\u0131k) basit g\u00f6z kapa\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerinden daha az yayg\u0131nd\u0131r ve genellikle daha karma\u015f\u0131k planlama gerektirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sahiplerin s\u0131k\u00e7a fark etti\u011fi belirtiler<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u201cG\u00f6z\u00fcn \u00fczerinde\u201d bir t\u00fcm\u00f6r, ka\u015f veya g\u00f6z kapaklar\u0131 yak\u0131n\u0131nda sert bir kitle veya \u015fi\u015flik gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir, ancak daha derin hastal\u0131k i\u015flev de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. K\u00f6pekler g\u00f6zlerini k\u0131sabilir, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sulanma, s\u00fcrekli ak\u0131nt\u0131 geli\u015ftirebilir, g\u00f6z veya y\u00fczlerini ovalayabilir veya ba\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekingen tutabilirler. Orbit dahil ise, klasik belirtiler aras\u0131nda eksophthalmos (\u015fi\u015fkin g\u00f6z), \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc g\u00f6z kapa\u011f\u0131 protr\u00fczyonu ve g\u00f6z etraf\u0131nda a\u011fr\u0131 yer alabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A\u011fr\u0131 ve ac\u0131: ne kadar ac\u0131 veriyor?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A\u011fr\u0131 geni\u015f bir yelpazede de\u011fi\u015fir ve t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcn yerel olarak ne yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir k\u00fctle, g\u00f6z kapa\u011f\u0131 pozisyonunu bozarsa veya g\u00f6z k\u0131rpma ile kronik korneal irritasyona neden olursa \u00e7ok rahats\u0131z edici hale gelebilir. Veteriner oftalmoloji rehberli\u011fi, g\u00f6z kapa\u011f\u0131 k\u00fctlelerinin genellikle zamanla b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve g\u00f6z y\u00fczeyini tahri\u015f edebilece\u011fini, konforu ve ya\u015fam kalitesini etkiledi\u011fini belirtmektedir. Orbital hastal\u0131k da a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131 olabilir\u2014\u00f6zellikle \u015fi\u015flik, bas\u0131n\u00e7 veya iltihap mevcut oldu\u011funda\u2014ve a\u011fr\u0131, orbital durumlarda klinik belirtiler aras\u0131nda s\u0131k\u00e7a bahsedilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6z\u00fcn yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki tedavinin neden bu kadar zor oldu\u011fu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Sarkom t\u00fcr\u00fc t\u00fcm\u00f6rler i\u00e7in hedef genellikle g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc yerel kontrol olmaktad\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc mikroskopik t\u00fcm\u00f6r \u201cparmaklar\u0131\u201d anormal g\u00f6r\u00fcnenin \u00f6tesine uzanabilir. G\u00f6vde veya uzuvlarda, cerrahlar genellikle g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyen uzant\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in daha geni\u015f marjlar hedefler. G\u00f6z etraf\u0131nda, geni\u015f marjlar kritik yap\u0131lar\u0131 zarar vermeden elde edilmesi zor olabilir, bu nedenle doktorlar garantiler hakk\u0131nda temkinli g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tedavi se\u00e7enekleri: genellikle ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcr<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7o\u011fu tedavi plan\u0131 yerel kontrol ve konfor etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6ner, genellikle birden fazla yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 birle\u015ftirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cerrahi, genellikle t\u00fcm\u00f6r y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7\u0131karmak ve kesin patoloji elde etmek i\u00e7in m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funda temel ta\u015f olmaktad\u0131r. K\u00f6pek yumu\u015fak doku sarkomlar\u0131 i\u00e7in, eksizyonun taml\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde etkiler; incelemeler, eksik \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerin daha y\u00fcksek yerel n\u00fcks riski ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgular. Baz\u0131 durumlarda, cerrahlar zor yerlerde kontrol sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in daha radikal prosed\u00fcrler \u00f6nerebilir (orbit ile ilgili cerrahiler dahil) \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc baz\u0131 sarkomlar, anatomi marj geni\u015fli\u011fini s\u0131n\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda radikal yakla\u015f\u0131mlar gerektirebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Marjlar yak\u0131n veya eksik oldu\u011funda veya anatomi geni\u015f eksizyonu imkans\u0131z hale getirdi\u011finde, radyasyon tedavisi genellikle tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Mikroskopik kal\u0131nt\u0131 h\u00fccrelerini kontrol etme ve yeniden b\u00fcy\u00fcme \u015fans\u0131n\u0131 azaltma amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131l\u0131r, ancak sonu\u00e7lar t\u00fcm\u00f6r davran\u0131\u015f\u0131, doz planlamas\u0131 ve her durumun spesifik \u00f6zelliklerine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00fcks riski: ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n s\u00fcrekli olarak i\u015faret etti\u011fi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

K\u00f6pek STS literat\u00fcr\u00fcnde, iki etken tekrar tekrar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r: histolojik derece ve marj durumu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tam olarak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f veya dar bir \u015fekilde \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f k\u00f6pek STS \u00fczerine bir inceleme, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar aras\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k 17%\u201337% aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan n\u00fcks oranlar\u0131n\u0131 rapor etmektedir, bu da \u201ctemiz marjlar\u201d\u0131n neden bu kadar \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir. Ba\u015fka bir yayg\u0131n olarak al\u0131nt\u0131lanan genel bak\u0131\u015f, tam eksizyon ile k\u00f6peklerde yerel n\u00fcks\u00fcn \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olabilece\u011fini ve eksik marjlar\u0131n n\u00fcks riskini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hayatta kalma g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc ve \u201chayatta kalma zaman \u00e7izelgesi\u201d: prognozu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmenin pratik yolu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u0130\u011f \u015feklinde h\u00fccre t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fc\u201d birden fazla t\u00fcm\u00f6r t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc temsil edebilece\u011finden, hayatta kalma s\u00fcresi tek bir say\u0131 ile g\u00fcvenilir bir \u015fekilde \u00f6zetlenemez. Prognozu anlaman\u0131n daha g\u00fcvenilir bir yolu, beklentileri davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u015fekilde tahmin eden unsurlara dayand\u0131rmakt\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tamamen yerel olarak kontrol edilebilen daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck dereceli bir t\u00fcm\u00f6r, genellikle daha y\u00fcksek dereceli bir t\u00fcm\u00f6rden veya konum nedeniyle tamamen \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lamayan bir t\u00fcm\u00f6rden daha iyi bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm ta\u015f\u0131r. K\u00f6peklerdeki STS'de, metastatik risk genellikle dereceye ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r; daha y\u00fcksek dereceli t\u00fcm\u00f6rler, hastal\u0131k s\u00fcresince yay\u0131lma \u015fans\u0131n\u0131 anlaml\u0131 \u015fekilde art\u0131r\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle periok\u00fcler t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerde, \u201cyerel hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ne kadar iyi kontrol edilebilece\u011fi\u201d genellikle ya\u015fam kalitesini ve genel sonucu \u015fekillendiren bask\u0131n fakt\u00f6r haline gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sahiplerin erken d\u00f6nemde yapabilece\u011fi ve genellikle \u00f6nemli olanlar (detaylarda kaybolmadan)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Erken d\u00f6nemde en faydal\u0131 odak noktalar\u0131, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ger\u00e7ek kapsam\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulamak ve konforu korumakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6z \u00e7ukuru\/periok\u00fcler vakalarda CT veya MRI gibi ileri g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme s\u0131kl\u0131kla \u00f6nerilir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc rutin muayeneler her zaman g\u00f6z\u00fcn arkas\u0131nda neler oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steremez ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme, cerrahi ve radyasyon planlamas\u0131na rehberlik eder. Konfor da merkezi bir \u00f6neme sahiptir: periok\u00fcler t\u00fcm\u00f6rler kornea irritasyonu ve iltihaplanmay\u0131 tetikleyebilir ve s\u00fcrt\u00fcnmeyi\/yaralanmay\u0131 azaltmak ve g\u00f6z y\u00fczeyi irritasyonunu ele almak, g\u00fcnl\u00fck refah \u00fczerinde anlaml\u0131 bir fark yaratabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SSS: evcil hayvan sahiplerinin arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u0131zl\u0131 yan\u0131tlar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6z kapa\u011f\u0131na yak\u0131n her t\u00fcm\u00f6r k\u00f6t\u00fc huylu mu?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Hay\u0131r. G\u00f6z kapa\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00f6rleri k\u00f6peklerde yayg\u0131nd\u0131r ve bir\u00e7oklar\u0131 iyi huylu bir \u015fekilde davran\u0131r, ancak h\u0131zl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcyen, \u00fclserle\u015fen, kanayan veya a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131 bir k\u00fctle acil de\u011ferlendirme gerektirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir veteriner neden g\u00f6z\u00fc \u00e7\u0131karmay\u0131 \u00f6nerir?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Bir t\u00fcm\u00f6r derinlemesine invaziv oldu\u011funda veya kenarlar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde elde edilemedi\u011fi durumlarda, s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir alanda yerel kontrol\u00fc art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in daha agresif yerel cerrahi \u00f6nerilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cerrahi ve radyasyon neden geri d\u00f6nmeyece\u011fini garanti edemez?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Sarkom t\u00fcr\u00fc t\u00fcm\u00f6rler mikroskobik olarak yay\u0131labilir ve g\u00f6z etraf\u0131nda yeterince \u00e7evre dokusunu \u00e7\u0131karmak zor olabilir. Tam olarak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f STS'nin bir\u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada belgelenmi\u015f n\u00fcks riski vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prognozu en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u015fekilde ne tahmin eder?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Patoloji derecesi ve t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcn temiz kenarlarla \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131p \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, k\u00f6peklerdeki STS'de n\u00fcks ve yay\u0131lma riskinin ana etkenleri olarak tekrar tekrar vurgulanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baituxiao destekleyici bak\u0131m olarak nas\u0131l yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Periok\u00fcler i\u011f h\u00fccre t\u00fcm\u00f6rleri genellikle \u00f6nce yerel kontrol ile y\u00f6netilir - en s\u0131k cerrahi ve bazen radyasyon - \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu t\u00fcm\u00f6rler yerel olarak invaziv olabilir ve g\u00f6z b\u00f6lgesi geni\u015f kenarlar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlayabilir. Bu ba\u011flamda, bir\u00e7ok sahip, ana tedavi plan\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra konforu, i\u015ftah\u0131 ve genel ya\u015fam kalitesini korumaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in b\u00fct\u00fcnleyici destekleyici bak\u0131m\u0131 da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baituxiao, \u00fcretici taraf\u0131ndan \u201ct\u00fcm\u00f6rler ve k\u00fctleler\u201d olan k\u00f6pekler ve kediler i\u00e7in konumland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir TCVM bitkisel form\u00fcl\u00fcd\u00fcr ve genellikle ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yerine ek bir se\u00e7enek olarak tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bitkisel form\u00fcller, cerrahi, a\u011fr\u0131 kontrol\u00fc, iltihap veya onkoloji bak\u0131m\u0131 ile kullan\u0131lan ila\u00e7larla etkile\u015fime girebilece\u011finden, veteriner ekibi ile koordineli bir plan\u0131n par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 en iyisidir.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

What \u201cspindle cell\u201d means in dogs \u201cSpindle cell\u201d usually describes how tumor cells look under the microscope\u2014long, tapered, and fibrous\u2014rather than naming a single cancer type. In dogs, this description often overlaps with soft tissue sarcomas (STS) and related sarcoma-type tumors, which are known for local invasiveness: they can extend microscopically beyond what you can […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":27056,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"1080","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[2241,6235,1262,15404],"class_list":["post-27052","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dog-cancer-and-tumor","tag-canine-sarcoma","tag-malignant-tumor-in-dogs","tag-soft-tissue-sarcoma","tag-spindle-cell-tumor"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.tcm-vet.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Spindle-cell-carcinoma-of-the-eye-in-dogs.png","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":21198,"url":"https:\/\/www.tcm-vet.com\/tr\/metastasis-dogs-helpful-cancer-spread-tumor-growth-guide\/","url_meta":{"origin":27052,"position":0},"title":"Metastaz K\u00f6pekleri: Yararl\u0131 Kanser Yay\u0131lmas\u0131 ve T\u00fcm\u00f6r B\u00fcy\u00fcmesi Rehberi","author":"TCMVET","date":"Aral\u0131k 10, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Metastaz k\u00f6pekleri ile ilgili endi\u015feleri olan evcil hayvan ebeveynleri i\u00e7in, kanserin yay\u0131lmas\u0131 ve t\u00fcm\u00f6r b\u00fcy\u00fcmesinin nas\u0131l ilerledi\u011fini anlamak, veterinerle yap\u0131lan her konu\u015fmay\u0131 daha verimli hale getirebilir. H\u00fccrelerin alabilece\u011fi yollar\u0131 ve t\u00fcm\u00f6r b\u00fcy\u00fcmesindeki tipik de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri tan\u0131yarak, g\u00f6zlemci kalabilir ve k\u00f6pe\u011finizin konfor ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 desteklemeye haz\u0131r olabilirsiniz.","rel":"","context":""Dog Cancer & Tumors" i\u00e7inde","block_context":{"text":"Dog Cancer & Tumors","link":"https:\/\/www.tcm-vet.com\/tr\/category\/dog-cancer-and-tumor\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":23766,"url":"https:\/\/www.tcm-vet.com\/tr\/metastasis-dogs-6\/","url_meta":{"origin":27052,"position":1},"title":"Metastaz K\u00f6pekleri: Yararl\u0131 Kanser Yay\u0131lmas\u0131 ve T\u00fcm\u00f6r B\u00fcy\u00fcmesi Rehberi","author":"TCMVET","date":"Aral\u0131k 10, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Metastaz k\u00f6peklerini anlamak, kanserin yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n enerji, i\u015ftah veya hareketlili\u011fi nas\u0131l etkileyebilece\u011fini fark etmenize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur, b\u00f6ylece veterinerinizle ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 g\u00f6zlemleri payla\u015fabilirsiniz. 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Bu evcil hayvan onkolojisi genel bak\u0131\u015f\u0131, uzmanlar\u0131n testleri nas\u0131l yorumlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve veteriner ekibinizle nas\u0131l i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair net a\u00e7\u0131klamalar sunar, b\u00f6ylece ne oldu\u011funu bilirsiniz\u2026","rel":"","context":""Dog Cancer & Tumors" i\u00e7inde","block_context":{"text":"Dog Cancer & Tumors","link":"https:\/\/www.tcm-vet.com\/tr\/category\/dog-cancer-and-tumor\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":21197,"url":"https:\/\/www.tcm-vet.com\/tr\/dog-cancer-staging-helpful-grading-system-prognosis\/","url_meta":{"origin":27052,"position":5},"title":"k\u00f6pek kanseri a\u015famas\u0131: yard\u0131mc\u0131 derecelendirme sistemi prognoz","author":"TCMVET","date":"Aral\u0131k 9, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"K\u00f6pek kanseri evrelemesi, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ne kadar yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair net bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc sunarken, derecelendirme sistemi h\u00fccrelerin mikroskop alt\u0131nda ne kadar agresif g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131mlar, b\u00f6ylece veterinerinizin g\u00f6rd\u00fcklerini daha iyi anlayabilirsiniz. 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